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Caption: "Last Rites." Shows a grave site with dozens of caskets ready for burial. A priest and two altar boys stand at one side of the caskets, while a large group of U.S. Navy sailors looks on from the other side. While sailing from port in San Diego on the morning of July 21, 1905, the boiler of the USS Bennington exploded, killing sixty-six of her crew. The victims were laid to rest in the cemetery at Fort Rosecrans. See also 96-07-08-alb05-142 and 96-07-08-alb08-222.

Date: 1905-07-23

Caption: "Columbia River Jetty, Or.," c. 1910. View of a jetty built at the mouth of the Columbia River, carrying a railroad trestle. A train hauling cars loaded with large rocks is steaming away from the photographer. This is likely the so-called South Jetty, extending more than six miles into the ocean from Point Adams on the Oregon side of the river mouth. The jetty system at the mouth of the Columbia River was constructed between 1885 and 1917. Designed to funnel water from the Columbia River in a more concentrated fashion into the Pacific Ocean, the jetty system helped create a deeper, more stable shipping channel.

Date: 1910

Caption: "Temple Drive to Cave of the Winds," c. 1923. Bird's eye view of a road at the bottom of a canyon, on a drive to Cave of the Winds. Two brothers discovered the entrance to the large cave system in 1880, in Williams Canyon just outside of Manitou Springs. Further exploration resulted in opening more caverns within the system, and the site became a tourist attraction, with guided tours having been on offer since 1881.

Date: 1923

Caption: "Carlsbad Caverns -- Inside Looking Out, May, 30, 34." View looking out of the mouth of Carlsbad Cavern, a series of natural underground chambers including the "Big Room," the fifth-largest such chamber in North America with a length of 1,000 feet, a width of 625 feet, and a maximum height of 255 feet. The site was named Carlsbad Cave National Monument in 1923, and declared Carlsbad Caverns National Park in 1930.

Date: 5/30/1934

Caption: "San Diego Fair Grounds." and "39-9, U.S. Naval Training Station, Balboa Park, San Diego," c. 1917. With the advent of World War I, the U.S. Navy needed additional training grounds for sailors. In 1917, the City of San Diego offered to lease the Navy a portion of Balboa Park as a temporary training site until a new, more permanent facility could be constructed. This postcard shows groups of sailors drilling in formation while a small crowd watches.

Date: 1917

Caption: "Camp Herman," c. 1912-1915. View of the Zayante Inn at Mount Herman. Originally the site of Hotel Tuxedo, in 1906 a group later known as the Mount Herman Association, Inc. purchased the building and surrounding property, and renamed it the Zayante Inn. The inn became a Christian retreat center. Although this building was destroyed by fire in 1921, the retreat center was rebuilt as the Mount Herman Christian Conference Center, still operating today.

Date: 1915

Caption: "Ponciana [sic] and Whitehall Hotels. Ponciana {sic] is the Largest Frame Bldg. Hotel in the World. Palm Beach, Florida. July 8, 1934." Both the Royal Poinciana Hotel (center) and the Whitehall Hotel (far right) can be seen in this photograph, taken from across Lake Worth. The Royal Poinciana, built by Henry Flagler as a resort retreat for wealthy guests, opened in 1894. Renovations eventually enlarged the hotel to a length of 1,800 feet, with over three miles of corridors and hallways, and rooms for over 1,000 guests. At one point, it was reputed to be the largest wood structure in the world. Attendance declined in the 1920s, however, as tourists were attracted to more modern facilities. Damage by a hurricane and the Great Depression combined to close the hotel in 1934. The building was razed a year later. The Whitehall Hotel started its existence as a mansion, also built by Flagler, as a present for his wife. After Flagler's death in 1913, the home was sold to a group of investors who erected an eleven-story tower and converted the entire complex to use as a resort hotel. In 1959, the Henry Morrison Flagler Museum purchased the building. It now serves as a museum.

Date: 7/8/1934

A Brief of Appellant is filed in the appellate court by the party who lost in the previous trial and argues in favor of appealing a lower court’s decision. Ellen Van Valkenburg began an important legal battle for women’s enfranchisement in California on July 21, 1871, when she requested that Santa Cruz County Clerk Albert Brown enter her name in the Great Register of voters. After Brown (a willing accomplice in helping her bring the case to court) refused to register her, Van Valkenburg and her lawyer, Santa Cruz Judge Albert Hagan, began legal proceedings by requesting a writ of mandamus, a judicial remedy used to compel agencies to perform ministerial acts, such as registering voters. Van Valkenburg and Hagan argued her case by citing the 14th Amendment of the U.S. Constitution. The new amendment, ratified 3 years earlier in 1868, defined all persons born or naturalized in the U.S. as citizens protected by civil rights. Van Valkenburg and Hagan asserted that American women were considered citizens under this amendment, and that citizenship automatically granted absolute rights, including the right to vote. The case first went to California’s Third District Court. Many of America’s most prominent suffragists, including Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony, were with Van Valkenburg in Santa Cruz when the lower court ruled against her on August 16, 1871. Van Valkenburg and Hagan swiftly appealed this decision through the Supreme Court of California. In the end, the Supreme Court of California upheld the lower court’s verdict under the reasoning that as a white American woman, Van Valkenburg already had citizenship and civil rights prior to the passage of the 14th amendment, and that the 14th amendment did not provide her with any additional political rights, such as the right to vote. While Van Valkenburg lost her case, and subsequent lawsuits failed to secure women's suffrage nationwide, the case stands as a critical early example of legal advocacy for women's political rights in California.

Date: September 29, 1871

Caption: "Columbia River Jetty, Or.," c. 1910. View of a jetty built at the mouth of the Columbia River, carrying a railroad trestle. A train hauling cars loaded with large rocks is visible at the left side of the photograph. This is likely the so-called South Jetty, extending more than six miles into the ocean from Point Adams on the Oregon side of the river mouth. The jetty system at the mouth of the Columbia River was constructed between 1885 and 1917. Designed to funnel water from the Columbia River in a more concentrated fashion into the Pacific Ocean, the jetty system helped create a deeper, more stable shipping channel.

Date: 1910

Caption: "Indian Hut Made From Adobe and Bush Branches, Sacaton Indian Reservation, Sacaton, Arizona, May, 24, 1934." View of a small adobe building with a porch area across the length of the façade. The porch is sheltered by a low roof supported by tree trunks or thick tree branches and thatched with grass or sticks. Located south of Phoenix and including the town of Sacaton, the Gila River Indian Reservation is home to members of the Akimel O’odham (Pima) and the Pee-Posh (Maricopa) tribes. The reservation was established in 1859. Eighty years later, in 1939, Congress provided for the self-governance of the reservation via the Gila River Indian Community.

Date: 5/24/1934