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Caption: "Alcatraz," c. 1920. Image of lighthouse, main prison building (at top of hill), residences, and wharf facilities at Alcatraz Island prior to its designation as a federal penitentiary in 1934. Built in 1859 by the U.S. Army for coastal defense purposes, the fort at Alcatraz began serving as a prison in 1861. It ceased function as a defense fortification and became the Pacific Branch of the U.S. Military Prison in 1907. Over the next two decades the facilities on the island were modified and modernized.
Date: 1920
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